Arquivo para a ‘Física’ Categoria
Effect contested by Einstein is proven
23
May
The phantasmagoric effect at a distance, which is the fact that particles can relate 
to distance and the effect of being “felt” by the other distance, is definitely proven in an experiment published by Nature on May 9.
This test is called Bell, due to John S. Bell, was first shown by Alain Aspect who did an optical experiment in 1982, showing this action at a distance. Now the experiment was done recruiting 100,000 human participants to play an online video game that encourages the rapid entry of unpredictable selections and illustrates Bell’s test methodology, participants generated more than 97 million binary choices that were directed through a Web platform Scalable to 12 labs on five continents, where 13 experiments tested local realism using unique atomic photons, atomic clusters and superconducting devices (illustration).
For a period of 12 hours on November 30, 2016, participants around the world provided a sustained data stream of more than 1,000 bits per second for the experiments, using different human-generated data to choose each measurement configuration, correlations strongly contrast local realism and other positions in so-called bipartite and tripartite scenarios.
The results of the project included closing the “freedom of choice” gap (the possibility of scenario choices being influenced by hidden variables to correlate with particle properties), the use of video game methods for the rapid collection of generated randomness and the use of network techniques for global participation in experimental science.
Two data are fantastic from this experiment, proving the phantasmagoric distance action that Einstein contested in an article called EPR, the use of network methodologies in participation in global experimental science, and the use of the video games to simulate data.
Utopia and Confusion
02
May
Before proceeding to show the relation between being and technique, 
one must make a digression for the catastrophic technician-prophecies and the confucioness, that is to say, it is called network nor everything that is network, lends itself the artificial intelligence to human while the opposite is true, and finally, post-human machines are created without an existential response to man.
Brade Runner 2049 could not succeed, who better than the first one takes a plunge into the human existential problem, while “Androids dream of electric sheep?” Asks in his book Philip K. Dick, who inspired the films of the series, is 1968 (sic), including a hardcover edition to celebrate the 50 years recently.
Confusioness is a term coined by Lucien Sfez, who in addition to communication participated in the projects Genome, Biosphere II and Artificial Life, so it is not someone who speaks without understanding the possibilities, the daydreams and the challenges of technology.
At the same time recognizes, among the daydreams of course, “The utopia of a total record; to make a being in our image, as a man is that of God, thanks to science, indisputable, transparent, luminous as a sacred gladius; the belief in the omnipotence of an electronic science; the illusion of freedom; and the creation of a perfect machine “(SFEZ, 1996).
I would not use the word utopia, I consider it a confusioness one, since what Thomas Morus wrote would be a community society without attachments and with a “social health” greater than that dreamed by the Enlightenment, and which is the very science that created this confusional and not Thomas Morus (1478-1535), was not a dreamer was a statesman, held various public offices, including Henry VIII’s chancellor, who was precisely his tormentor for religious reasons.
The limits of the technique are within the possibilities and challenges, among these are those that allow space travel no longer in large ships, but in micro-ships that would travel in quantum worm-holes and computers that use larger techniques volume of data, with greater volume of data communicated and processed.
In the field of possibilities it is worth reading “Physics of the Impossible” (2008) by Michio Kaku, among the field of challenges is worth reading “Le Mythe de la Singularité” by Jean-Gabriel Ganascia (2017), who tunes the challenges of Artificial Intelligence and punctuates points of pure fantasy.
I will not resort to more arguments, it is impossible to convince anyone in the field of hypotheses does not abandon the hypothesis of the transhuman or the machine smarter than the man, just see the delusions about today’s social media, use the argument of a saint, perhaps few will know this phrase of St. Francis: “Begin by doing what is necessary, then what is possible, and suddenly you will be doing the impossible”, it is true that it speaks in the field of mysticism, but who said that it is separated from the physical world or at least the meta- physicist.
SFEZ, Lucien. (1996) Saúde Perfeita – crítica a uma nova utopia (Perfect health – criticism of a new utopia). São Paulo: Loyola.
Phantasmagoric and realism
13
Apr
Undoubtedly, reality may not only be what our senses
indicate, but also the senses are part of a good discovery of reality, one can use a glasses, a microscope and a powerful telescope to see reality, but using the eye.
What is difficult to imagine is how constructing narratives can deceive reality, can make it different from what the simple vision indicates, for example, it could be imagined that quantum physics would give rise to a called the “physical world”.
Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen; three eminent physicists at the time, wrote an article that counterposed the idea of quantum physics, that quanta occupied a space between “pulses” and that there was nothing between them, they said three physicists was a “phantasmagoric” distance action and mathematically proved to be something impossible, the phenomenon became known as EPR (initial letters of the authors).
Recently, in a study led by Ronald Hanson and published in Nature magazine in 2015, the Delft University of Technology in the Netherlands reported having done an experiment which, according to them, proves one of the most fundamental assumptions of quantum theory – that separate objects by a great distance can affect one to other.
The apparitions of Jesus, in various events, after his departure and resurrection brought astonishment and even fear to his disciples, in a little known passage appears to several people and says (Lk 24: 38-39): “Why are you worried, and Why do you have doubts in your heart? See my hands and my feet: it is I myself! Touch me and see! A ghost has no flesh, no bones, as you see I have, ”
Unfortunately he is still a ghost and even a legend to many.
The real (im)possibilities
12
Apr
In addition to contemporary idealistic thinking, I surrender to the fact that part of it started from religious
presuppositions attached to mechanicism and the order of the universe, there is a set of possibilities that have long been thought of, and some proven, as we have previously posed quantum physics and the real possibilities of science.
In The Physics of the Impossible, Michio Kaku, who has a famous book on hyperspace, uses an unexpected feature, the idea that in all religions there are other dimensions of life, he wrote: “The church believed in Heaven, Hell, and Purgatory. Buddhists have Nirvana and various states of consciousness. And the Hindus have thousands of planes of existence “(p.236), they do not know but could be quoted the cosmogonies of various cultures and religions where orality prevailed and many of these tales speak of other dimensions.
The author acknowledges that in literature there are at least three types of parallel universes: hyperspace, or higher order dimensions, the multiverse (nonuniversity), and the quantum parallel universes.
The fact that we are attached to the three dimensions, clarifies the author comes from Aristotle, that his work On the sky, established the width, height and depth, which are translated into three ideal dimensions: the point, the straight and the plane, which are inexistent if examined in the real nature, the fractals are a modern rediscovery (a monk had already conjectured) of the rupture of these dimensions to the one natural plane, is the natural fractional, where dimensions 0.7 or 2.78 exist.
The author says that Carl Gauss had already conjectured these dimensions, but it was a pupil of his that overthrew with a simple example this theory idealista supposing a sphere, in her the minimum distance between two points is an arc and not a straight, and a triangle will have more of 180 degrees in the sum of the angles.
For the fourth dimension, it is a surprising feature of art historian Linda Darymple Henderson who wrote: “Like the black hole, the ‘fourth dimension’ had mysterious characteristics that could not be fully understood, not even by the scientists themselves . “(P. 238), recognizing the importance of this theory.
He also cites Salvador Dali’s picture Christus Hypercubius (stylized image above), he is “crucified before a strange and hovering trimester cross that is a reality in” tesseract “, a four-dimensional cube unfolded” (page 238)
Movies like “Contact” made from the novel by Carl Sagan and “Interestellar” where ships travel in the fourth dimension, wormholes may already be virtually possible, a project that has more than 100 million dollars, was launched in England in 2016 and has Stephen Hawking’s support, could micro-ships travel in this dimension?
The future will still bring surprise and there will be no shortage of false prophets succeeding against i
Being and essence
14
Mar
Before examining what is the being and the essence in contemporaneity, let us examine
more closely its meaning in Thomas Aquinas, important for understanding the difference between nominalists and realists at the end of the medieval period.
For the medieval philosopher, the essence, which was called quiddity, is the ineffable of what makes existence possible, giving a thing its constitution of Being, which in turn possesses an existence as a possibility of existing in act, once created matter and form give it reality.
Unlike Aristotle, for whom there is a first mover that is god, his ontology starts from this premise, for Thomas Aquinas, the essence of God is his existence, and to attribute something to him would be to deny him, since he lacks nothing, is pure perfection and wholeness, so the effort of attributing to God properties is useless, to Thomas Aquinas he is pure Being.
In it the essence, called the quidity is the ineffable that would make existence possible, so that is where God gives things existence, or prefer a teleological concept, is the first matter / energy / form from where everything originates, could be said in words more modern, the existing nature in itself is an over-nature of its essence of a Being for itself.
By the way, Stephen Hawking passed away today, and said that the intention to create the universe was as important as the creation itself.
The essence (quiddity) not being the ineffable will correspond to names and concepts, whose existence is conceived by the nominalists, even if it admits the experience as a way to “perceive” reality, it will be at the beginning of this very sense-related thought, anyway today the substances, are linked to names, they are signed, and are subject to deconstruction as analyzed by Derridá and in the posts of last week.
For Aquinas there are two substances, where the essence also participates of the two substances, and the only cause of the compound substance, in the being the existence is “…. that first and simple substance par excellence, which is called God (AQUINO, 2004, p.10)
The second substance (abstract things) involves gender and species, essence participates in both. Essence does not partake individually of matter or form, it is found in both, composing in the world of sensible things individuation.
Thomas Aquinas also establishes two types of matter: signified matter, which is a first, particular, concrete, singular substance, of lesser extent, a modern example can be said to say Hydrogen and Oxygen, forming the water, already the matter not signed, which is second substance, universal abstract, of greater extension, a liquid potable, but it is necessary to see a greater complexity, if we are the human being.
“It is evident that the definition of man in general, and that of this man called Socrates, is differentiated only by the signed and the unmarked.” (Ibid., P. an individual as signified as the Man in his own nature, is also the man Sócrates, in his particular nature signified, where signified is nothing more than to place a sign.
AQUINO, S. Tomás, Compêndio de teologia, cap. II -3, p. 77, Col. Pensadores, SãoPaulo: Nova Cultural, 2004.
Princess Leia: Back to the Future
03
Feb
I know, it’s two distinct films, but Brigham Young University (BYU) seems to return to the
path of broadcasting and projecting 3D holographic images into the air.
“Our team’s mission is to make the 3D holograms of science fiction a reality,” said Daniel Smalley, a professor of computational engineering and computer science, a holography expert who recently published an article in Nature magazine.
The technique he developed is based on the phenomenon of photophoresis, in which particles suspended in the medium of a gaseous liquid (there are experiments with droplets of water that forces it to be sucked into the air), it can be the particles that are in the air, which need to be moved by thermal gradients and can be done by laser beams, explains Smalley, “these screens are capable of producing images in a ‘fine beam’ that are visible from any direction and are not subject to cutouts,” ie seen from any position of the viewer.
The technical name of this effect is more precisely: “photophoretic-trap volumetric display”, and is superior to old techniques that could not capture light through the air to create a virtual object with the same notion of depth as the actual object.
But the most spectacular is the possibility of RGB projection (Red-Green-Blue, the three primary colors that composed were the visible spectrum by the human being) as the point of light is able to move quickly and thus the point of light produces the color, the projection of the green, red and blue laser radios produce the visual effect of the color.
The color image in three-dimensional volumetric (3D), will have the resolution of 10-micrometer (10 ^ -6 of the meter or 10 ^ -4 of the centimeter), this means to produce 10 thousand voxels (Pixels volumétricos) by centimeter or one million by meter cubic.
In a short time the communication has changed, in 10 years we have spoken through the Web in visual interaction, thanks to VoIP (voice over Internet), now the volumetric interaction in holograms, or also, to watch images of objects and people around us that are thousands of miles of distances, or simply in filming from other times, we are back in the future.
Brazilians explain dust from the Black Hole
06
Nov
When we photograph infrared telescopes, instead of finding a torus 
(a kind of form the circular donut), the researchers SF Hönig, M. Kishimoto, MA Prieto, P. Gandhi, D. Asmus, R. Antonucci, L. Burtscher, WJ Duschl and G. Weigelt, found a dust that was pushed away from the black hole in the form of a wind, indicating a new and unknown phenomenon by physics, the publication was made in the Astrophysical Journal in 2013.
The Brazilian astrophysics Thaisa Storchi Bergmann of UFRGS, many cited in numerous articles, which had already found the supermassive black hole in the galaxy NGC 1097 source of countless subsequent works, already warned that the Black Hole Theory could have misunderstandings, since there was evidence of the presence of a flat, ring-shaped cloud composed of plasma (protons and electrons) and hydrogen spinning at 10,000 km per second (km / s).
The Brazilian received numerous awards and honors for her work.
Brazilian astronomers João Steiner and Daniel May, both of the USP’s Institute of Astronomy, Geophysics and Atmospheric Sciences (IAG), concluded by contradicting the common sense that black holes expel much of the gas that lies at the center of galaxies rather than engulf it, and more accurately locate how it is made, its published in magazine Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society.
Astronomers have shown that the Wind is formed in two stages. In the first stage, the strong electromagnetic radiation coming from the disk in the vicinity of the black hole (primary wind) impacting the dust torus located three light years from the black hole, which evaporates the torus expelling the gas contained in it.
The second stage is more violent, occurs when the primary wind and a powerful particle jet, collimated by a strong central magnetic field, reaches a large cloud of molecular gas (composed mainly of molecules of two hydrogen atoms) located at 100 years- light away from the black hole, still in the center of the galaxy (which has a diameter of 100,000 light-years).
Gradually the black hole, unknown by science, becomes more “clear”.
The constant of Tsallis, a Brazilian-greek
25
Oct
The expansion of the universe, speculation from the idea of gas expansion,
which gave rise to the Big Bang Theory is now one of the most accepted theories about the creation of the universe.
There is a consequence that has been made from the so-called extensive statistical mechanics, which was published in a recent work by Constantin Tsallis in Springer: Introduction to nonextensive statistical mechanics: approaching a complex world, which generalizes the Boltzmann-Gibbs theory still more fundamental than entropy because it includes current results.
The generalization of Entropy that was reformulated in 1998 by Tsallis is a result of relevance to physics and has often been debated by world physics theory, it more accurately describes the power law behaviors of a wide range of phenomena such as such as the turbulence of fluids to fragments in high energy particle collisions.
Applications range from fluid mechanics to detection and breast cancer to the creation of new materials.
Those interested in details can read Tsallis´ Statistics, Statistical Mechanics for Non-Extensive Systems and Long-Range Interactions, Constantino Tsallis will be at the EBICC starting next week at USP – SP – Brazil.
Constantino Tsallis was born in Greece, grew up in Argentine and also has Brazilian nacionality, it will be a great pride if they recognize the importance of his work for physics.
And quantum computing
23
Oct
While digital computing works with 0 and 1, quantum computing 
can use a concept of 0 and 1 simultaneously, an effect known by physicists as “interlacing” and when it was enunciated was called “ghosting” by Einstein, Podoslki and Rosen. known by the acronym EPR.
This phenomenon allows the processing of several simultaneous operations, the qbits (quantum bits) may use the following principles of photon processing:
– light particles, light has properties of particles,
– ions trapped or ion trap, area known with spintronics,
– superconducting qubits, processing the speed of light practically, and,
– nitrogen vacancy center, a phenomenon already observed in imperfect diamonds.
Quantum computers will create new applications, such as modeling variations of chemical reactions to discover new drugs, developing new imaging technologies (holograms applied to communication, and developments in batteries and new materials and flexible electronics).
But the most revolutionary application will be the quantum internet, totally using light particles (photons), there is also a proposal that uses light interacting with matter, the future awaits us.
The projects are still under development, but already with many results.
The future of thinking machines
05
Oct
We made a point of making the classifications (post) between cyborgues, 
androids and humanoids, showing that the hybrids are still a fiction for some and a delirium for others, as our view is the point of singularity of Raymond Kurzweil.
Points of singularity m (it is good to say technological, since there are others) would be that point where there would be a surpassing of biological human to a post-human technological, of silicon or even something more futuristic, photonic or neo-biological (biological chips, for example ).
Raymond Kurzweil’s definitions are clearer and more precise, he wrote in 1987 The Age of Intelligent Machines and then in an even greater delirium an update to The Age of Spiritual Machines where he seeks to find where the so-called Transcedent Man (documentary 2009), and then we can outline his ideas.
You can delineate your ideas in 4 points: technological evolution up to its definition of singularity is one of the tangible objectives of humanity (will be?) By exponential progression, the functionality of the human brain is quantifiable in terms of technology and can be built in a near future (but only functional); average advances can keep a significant amount of their generation alive enough for the increase in technology to pass human brain processing (one thing does not imply the other, could be done with future generations), and a point that is socially interesting that the theory of accelerated evolutions.
This theory says that the theory of accelerated change refers to the increase in the rate of technological innovation (and sometimes it may be accompanied by social and cultural evolution) and is always present in history, which may suggest faster and deeper change in future, although this is true how much accelerated depends on the historical perspective.
We define this evolution as the noosphere, a sphere of mind or spirit, based on the idea of John Searle, that the mental “real and ontologically irreducible” to the physical, and that technologies evolve and accelerate human growth but are separated by what Juergen Schmidhuber calls “uniqueness of the omega”, something at once similar and different from the omega of Gregory Chaitin, because it is not a number or a number, but what Teilhar Chadin (1916) defines in his noosphere as the beginning and end of the human , but wrapped in a connection of minds and spirits as if they were communicating vessels.
For Juergen Schmidhuber, the next Omega – 2040 (there was no film Blade Runner 2049) from his series Omega – 2 ^n human lives (n <10; human lives (n <10; a life – 80 years) about major stages of events would occur in human history.
He questioned the validity of such changes by suggesting that they merely reflect a general rule for “both the individual memory of the single human being and the collective memory of whole societies and their history books: constant amounts of memory space allocated to get exponentially greater, adjacent time slots more and more into the past, “and it is memory and not Moore’s law that speaks of the growth of digital memories.
His suggestion is that “the reason why there has never been a shortage of prophets predicting that the end is near – important events according to their own vision of the past always seem to accelerate exponentially,” so both ancient and modern prophecies are no longer that oracles that establish this reconnection between the “omega” of the beginning and end, announcing great changes and at the same time connected to them.
There is a very clear example of Jürgen Schmidhuber’s acceleration, given in Wurman’s book, “Information Anxiety” (1991), where he says that a person who read the New York Times for a year read more than the best of the men of the eighteenth and earlier centuries, then of course there is more reading today than in previous centuries, but thinking … need evolution.
