Arquivo para a ‘Calm Technology’ Categoria
Ontology: between tradition and innovation
31
Jan
In the final three chapters of the book Introduction to
the ontology of Malfada F. Blanc we are reading it develops three complementary dimensions phenomenology of being: hermeneutics , the poietic and metaphysics.
I highlight a special topic , which is the one dedicated to human poietic , pages 94-113 , which in its final topic discusses the make of the story: between tradition and innovation.
In this passage the author notes a “certain negative view of modern mass society ” , with some influence of Max Weber, that “prevented him from exploring the existential and metaphysical virtues of intersubjectivity” (pp. 113 ) .
Retrieves this context readings of Martin Buber : ” an attitude of ownership and not a dynamic of participation and giving, that being-there in other reaps – common in world history – likely to be , without ever truly leave they transcend and mean.” (pp. 114 )
Will emphasize Bruaire Claude , ” if the truth of the person is ek- sist from and a continuous gift of being , not being ground itself, then their freedom can only consist of a power nod or refuse the motion of the donation , founding and spiritually through “(pp. 114 ) citing this author .
And retrieves the concepts of Nédoncelle, which states ” if love is a mutual promotion of consciousness reciprocity of gift … it is not effective but without the dimensions of moral, social and historical “(pp. 115 )
So just out of the scope of philosophical discourse, affirm “its dialogic realization does not occur outside the company but it and through it”, showing the dynamism of selfhood, pointing to the reading of Xavier Zubiri on the dynamic structure of reality.
So stresses that man walks progresses and making history, becoming the risk shared person and community (pp. 116 )
Ontological pragmatic
30
Jan
View all this context gnoseological reduction and logic of ontology,
the author turns in the third chapter to the presentation of a pragmatic concept ontology.
Proposed for this account four main levels: the phenomenological , hermeneutic , the poetic and metaphysical.
The first level means access to be as a phenomenon that will highlight your appears and this will differentiate you from the ontic aspect, as she explains it is the fundamental dimension of matrix ontologic (pp. 33).
The hermeneutic level refers to as the appear of being, ie , define the scope and character of its truth , “the structures of thinking and discursive articulation of being” (pp. 33 ) .
Follows the poietic level, so named because of its constructive character, “should draw up detailed structures of being”, referring to the ontic plane, which was initially abstracted , for methodological reasons.” (pp. 33)
And at last develops the metaphysical dimension, “returning to the phenomenological plane appears, takes it and transcends it in further, opening the ontology to a space of perhaps theological questioning.” (pp. 34)
The important thing in this method is that ” being requires a specific type of intellectual view , where , missing all the conditions of uniqueness , thinking experiences the immediate presentation of the ‘ thing itself ‘ (die Sache selbst ) . ” (pp. 35 )
Ontological resumption
28
Jan
The intentionality, a subcategory of medieval philosophy
defined within the statute of consciousness, was recovered by Franz Brentano to qualify it as being directed to something , or about something , for it is also important for psychology, which was used by Edmund Husserl, to say that consciousness is always intentional, directed to an object, real or imaginary.
These objects will be in the ontology of Husserl , among noemas between noesis and because they re-establish the relationship between subjects and objects .
Husserl called noema any representation of the object , and the apprehension of the object by the subject (consciousness) process, called Noesis.
For this reading of the phenomena “the essences obtained by imaginative variation from the noetic – noemáticas correlations of experiences and evidence seized with an intuition form the basis of regional ontologies or materials corresponding realms of being, nature, man, culture …” (Mafalda F. Blanc , Introduction to Ontology , pp . 26 ) .
Husserl will not only opposition to Kant , but also to ” extend the realm of the a priori formal plan of the object in general, obtained by abstraction of all material content” somehow incorporates the Kantian project of a critique of reason, ” establishing and determining the value of the concepts and laws of logic , ethics and axiology in the light of past structures of object categories.” (BLANC , pp. 26).
Husserl can enable it with the ontology , ” to conceive the most important of the senses of being in Aristotle – categorical – no longer as a logical form of judgment, but given as a gift, intuitive and fulfilling to see a properly immanent ” (p. 27)
Thus Husserl shows as real as having ” individuality , temporality and sheer determination , as opposed to the universality and timelessness of the ideal , discerning five irreducible strata : … the inorganic and the organic, psychic , and personal sphere of objective spirit (language, cultural tradition)” (pp. 26) .
The project will be even more orthodox Heidegger phenomenology as it will ” develop this conception of time as possible and be array itself , reversing the classical perspective of philosophy , he thought the time as the phenomenal manifestation of being ” (pp. 29) .
The question of being in classical philosophy
23
Jan
Whatever the scope of social life, there is a nuisance, 
generally seen as economic, security, well-being, but it is certain that something is not right in civilization.
How did this process in Western culture, in particular, but which influenced the whole world? It is essential that we respond to meet again our “being” and its path.
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We know that every philosophy and Western life had influence of classical philosophy, and it comes from Aristotle and Plato , essentially , but a break would happen at the end of the Middle Ages .
As indicated in our author we’re reading Introduction to ontology Mafalda F. Blanc) ” will the object of first philosophy suffer a notable restriction , first to the study of the substance , then the study of pure form , as it exists in the first engine made ” with this product it would be a ” first mover ” that put everything in motion , then the entity ” will constitute itself as a science of the substance and, second, as theology ” (pp. 18 ) .
Thus Aristotle first philosophy should clarify “the essence of the substance, its causes … should focus on the question of the reasons or causes of sensitive substances, namely, the analysis of its forms and essential, responsible for updating the virtues of the matter.” (pp. 18 )
Thus ” identifying the study of being and intelligibility to the substance of this plan to the way … “(pp. 19 ) he would eventually give “first philosophy to the profile of an onto – theo-logy, which would henceforth the meta-physical ontology subsequent to the Kantian critique.” (pp. 19 )
Near the end of the Middle Ages, the monk Thomas Aquinas , to separate the object from the metaphysical ” beings as beings ” that calls ” ens comune ” ” to many analogados (God and creatures) ” (pp. 19), then the separation of the study of “being common ” knowledge of “Ipsum this subsistens … last end of metaphysics , because absolutely first cause not only the order of efficiency and purpose, but also and above all in radical order of existence.” (pp. 20 )
Unlike the philosophical fallacy, the author Mafalda F. Blanc says ” is this notion of creative cause , the legacy of Judeo-Christianity, which lacked Aristotle to give a joint and metaphysics as onto- theo-logy systematic structure ” (pp. 20).
But just ahead, at the beginning of modernity, this table would break, we will see.
Differences Between Being and Exist
22
Jan
The author we are reading (Mafalda E. Blanc in his book
Introduction to Ontology) explains that the verb “to be” (ƐĨναι , this , être , Sein) in the Indo-European languages , “derives from a more genuine existential sense and was only in it is possible because the overlapped supplemented by a nominal or adjective attribute”, and this means that “a judgment predicative assertion like ‘ no / P exists in S’ “(pp 14).
This seems reductive , but ” from the viewpoint of semantic verb ‘to be’ contains , beneath the apparent abstraction of its infinitive form , a wealth of content and concrete , still present in the verbal inflections of the Indo -European languages , meaning live (according to root ‘ es ‘ , present in the forms ‘ einai ‘, ‘ this ‘ being ‘ sein’ ), grow (according to root ‘ bhu’ present in ‘b’, ‘bin’ , ‘fuein’, ‘I’) and stay ( depending on the root ‘ wes ‘ , present in Germanic forms ‘ war’ , ‘gewesen’ and ‘wesen´) “(pp. 14 of the author but quoting Heidegger himself).
In daily life we noticed the existence of beings, “sensitive and withdrawn by the imagination ” (pp. 14) but you can abstract and find the essential elements of being ” the species and gender,” to achieve the most abstract to the core , in its mere formality , in the words of the author of “formal abstraction be featuring this intellection by the intimate act of existing ( essendi actus ) , and that puts sutém like concrete being the subject of certain essential – as faithfully denotes the existential judgment” (pp. 15).
I admit that as a totality itself, says the author , give the name of transcendental ( p. 15), but as a species ” unity only retains the details common to several species determinations , excluding differences that you add the outside in be the case , there is no difference that can borrow externally , because that would be or have or be anything “(pp. 15 ) .
Being thus includes all the differences , as the author says , ” wants of individuals and their determinations ,” then although abstract , is present in all humanity , regardless of culture , means ” thus is not a full gender common and more abstract note of an extrinsic time diversity that transcends … ” (pp. 15).
So the different determinations , given by language, habits and forms of sociability , finally culture should still stay while being in essence , and this means that what we see in planetary humanity is capable of finding common denominators, even considering what Edgar says Morin ( which I have read) , citing M. Murayama that every culture has something ” dysfunctional (default functionality) of functionaless (running in a bad sense) of sub-functional (making a performance at the lowest level) and toxicfunctional (creating losses in its operation)” (pp. 116 of the book Earth-homeland ) we can still find something essential this “being” while Being.
The homeland-world requires a “man-world”, a full and be more serene able to share the planet with other beings.
The homeland-world and being-in-world
21
Jan
Is credited to the objects, and also the technology, the idea
would be that the externality that actually preclude man from doing this ethical , moral and so find your being , but this opposition between the inner and outer being is not true if not understand what is being said as Mafalda de Faria Blanc, ” leaving themselves and hide the body of the postpone things around and urgency of action” (p. 11 of the book Introduction to Ontology, Piaget Institute , Portugal 2011) .
Citing the philosopher Gabriel Marcel, the author says “immersed in the density of the ‘ontological mystery’ … man lives often oblivious of it, preferring to grips with the enigma of existence , the hideout next to it immediately presents itself, then seeking an illusory comfort against the constitutive uncertainty of living” (pp. 11) and therefore this does not refer technology or any specific object of the contemporary world, but everything.
So what bothers contemporary man ? reply to the author that there are some “unavoidable” situations that the ” immediate means of feeling “or other sudden experience” opens and dis –cover and there it is” (pp. 11 , emphasis added) and astonishment in doubt, admiration or distress “revealing to us already being in the middle of the other ones” (p. 11).
I mean in the words of Heidegger , the great master of contemporary ontology , there is a forgetfulness of self from one, understood this two way, as the author explains: “In the first case, means directly and formally the essence , ie , the entity (ousia) , principle of activity and intelligibility of the thing , as regards the ‘nature’ or ‘quiddity’, which is the definition object” (pp. 13), i.e the thing or be like “enti”-ity .
Means that we launched the “action”, which ” is part of the essence , and its expressive dynamism possibilitação to seek to explain the emergence of existence” (pp. 13).
All very complicated? think about how often questioned the very existence , and many times within the very essence of your being able to find peace and happiness, not in situations of leisure, pleasure and other immediate things , but ” within your being ,” we exchanged feelings for immediate serenity, which incidentally comes from the word “be”.
The homeland-world requires a “man-world”, a full and be more serene able to share the planet with other beings.
Japanese develops paintings with Excel
20
Jan
The spreadsheet can be used for many things, the main
ones are tables and graphics, also for accounting, do statistics , but the Japanese Horiuchi uses to paint.
His story is not new, in 2006 won an award in Excel Art Contest, and since that time his art was much more expressive than their competitors .
For him Excel is a much better tool than Paint , simpler and used by many people or even Adobe Photoshop used by designers and artists , says that initially thought a hobby, and seeing Excel thought ” I can probably draw it.”
He was ready to retire, Tatsuo Horiuchi wanted a challenge for the rest of your life. He then saw people using Excel to create charts, and thought ” I can probably draw it.” He never needed to use Excel to work but did not take to master the techniques of software. And now, he believes that Excel is best for this kind of thing than the Paint , the simple Microsoft software for creating and editing images.
But the news does not stop there, his works are shared and you can download the Excel file of two works: Cherry Blossoms in Game Castle (2006) and Kegon Falls (2007), will probably be the first master paintsourcing or prefer crowdpainting.
Some will say it is not art, but Tatsuo is happily shares with all the beautiful cloth that does.
Myths and ptifails about ” attention deficit “
28
Nov
It is common to associate the deficit of attention to the use of many devices , common now
because of digital technology , most researchers have stated that it is a myth , but let the cognitive point of view what happens .
Physiologically, the brain receives new information by the thalamus , it is a filter of attention, if you are talking to someone in a noisy environment, it blocks coming from outside to keep the information coming from the conversation.
If we train it is possible to change the ” task” , for example , leave the TV and read a text, but very things that draw the attention of the thalamus and the filter does not work , can cause a “dispersion” or so-called attention deficit , and these cases are many in the modern world .
Nerve impulses transmitted to the processing center , which is the cortex, a kind of shell the kernels of the brain , is capable of identifying different stimuli by the senses , for example, you eat the palate is active and is also talking , both information will pass through the thalamus and cortex to different region , which corresponds to the hearing ( conversation) and taste ( taste).
After recognizing the stimulus , the cortex sends information to the hippocampus , is that he is the commander of memory, ie , select what is stored and discards what he thinks essential, but this depends on the encouragement you give, eg , my father’s speech is not important, then discard , just want to enjoy and then forget , then discard .
Ended up seeing a basketball game with some friends , the game goes to a place to save because you felt happy and had an incentive to save , but saw the people that are in the game , and did not pay attention (not reinforced stimulus) , then it goes to the place where you can forget, or ever forget the next moment .
While the hippocampus works , you will giving a “featured” emotional all the information it deems important , helping to highlight what should be labeled, so it gives more value to certain information that you tell the brain that is important.
So forgetfulness is bound to like , to be desired and also to train the brain to what is important , most of the information we make ” an obligation ” is discarded .
This information is sent to the region called the amygdala (not to be confused with the throat), which gives an “emotional warmth ” to information , highlighting what is most striking to us .
So what ” we want to keep it” can not be a moment of “attention deficit”, for example : environmental discomfort , tiredness or something nasty side
Characteristics of Generation Z
26
Nov
GenerationZ or Generation Millenium , are those born in the late 90s and early 2000´s, are the children of Generation X, people born
in the late ’60s, they were sons of the silent generation ( of war ) and baby boomers ( baby boom after the war ) and generation Y , who are young parents of ” connected ” generation.
This is the first generation that was born fully connected , since the Web was born in the 90s and saw the Millennials born, so it can be said that
it was “through migrant”.
Generation Z are known as digital native , I mean born on a planet already connected with use of the World Wide Web , file sharing , smartphones
and gadgets that make all connected all the time .
We found the other fast-moving world , but for them without it all gets a bit too tedious , they feel comfortable with television, radio, telephone, music and Web, another characteristic of this generation is the concept of the world, for they have no boundaries , it is now possible to travel, meet people and countries without a high cost .
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The information will not be lacking , but begin to be selective too early, because they are focused on adapting to his time and like all other generations also like to break prejudices and concepts ( ie not specific to this generation , no! ) .
There are two paradoxical concepts of this generation , those who say they are ” dumbest generation” and those who say they are exceptional and fast in concepts. As I said in another post ( see my blog) I think the first misconception .
I think those who think the first hypothesis does not believe and has no hope of something new , a new arrival will depend youth .
Ends a time and get a hold
25
Nov
Today will be a new arrival , a new advent , where hopes and news should be cultivating and some
optimism , even in a dark and difficult time, should always be remembered .
In many countries this term has different meanings , for example , in Scandinavia (Finland , Sweden and Norway ) this is beginning November 13 , where the party is initiating Santa Luzia , although few religious countries , the date is maintained .
It may seem strange, but Luzia martyred in the third century of the Christian era , is also remembered in the Lutheran and Anglican Church , and was a much venerated saint in antiquity.
But the rest of Christmas traditions are similar , but there are processions with torches and Finland has a curious habit of visiting cemeteries and pay tribute to loved ones , it may seem strange but not for the Finns .
The fire in the fireplace with logs ( Yule log) and a drink called Jul ( Yule also ) has pagan origins in Norway , as well as the popular legend of Lapland , where he would live Santa Claus is a very cold northern region of Norway .
In 1900 King Haakon I decided that the pagan custom of drinking Jul ( yule ) should be changed to December 25 , in honor of the birth of Jesus Christ.
Gradually , the pagan feast was becoming more Christian . Jul name was preserved , but the holiday was dedicated to Jesus Christ. Christmas is thus a mixture of ancient pagan festival and more modern Christian traditions .
But everyone can and should expect something: a better time , more justice , less hunger and wars , and we can stop this holiday season and reflect a bit .
